Imagine a day of sunny summer and you are walking on the road then you are realize the importance of your AC and say thanks to your AC. Air conditioner work on interesting technology to keep our room chilled. it use some physical laws of thermodynamics to removing heat from the air inside the room.
Air Conditioner work efficiently to cool the indoor air quickly, but it consume more electric power to do their job. its work under the basic physical laws which says 'the heat is absorbed during the phase transfer of the refrigerant material.
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| Air conditioner Photo Credit : coolingcitycenter.in |
Phase Conversion : the physical state of the material is changes by absorbing the heat from outside atmosphere by virtue of temperature difference between them. this change in physical state by absorbing heat is called the phase conversation or phase transformation.
Example : the piece of ice melt on your palm by absorbing heat from you body, absorbed heat doesn't increase the temperature of ice. this heat is called the latent heat.
Two type ac shown in above picture Split Air Conditioner (left) and Window Air Conditioner (right), both work on the same technology but their use is different. Split AC use for large indoor area like a indoor room, while the Window AC used in commonly in cars and buses.
An air conditioner consist five component are
- Evaporator
- Compressor
- Condensers
- Expansion valves
- Refrigerant
Evaporator
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| Evaporator coil of AC photo credit : tocopedia.com |
Refrigerant
The chemical liquid filled in the coils of evaporate are called the refrigerant. it pass though the infinite cycle of phase change. some of older refrigerant were harmful for environment like CFC (chlorofluorocarbon) which cause of the ozone decay. now we replace these with mordon refrigerants like Hydroflrocarbon (HFC), Hydrocarbon etc
Compressor
compressor is the device installed outdoor which compress the gas. when the gas of refrigerant come to compressor it compress it at high pressure. since the high pressure gas produce a large temperature. compressor work under simple principle of thermodynamics state as temperature increase by increasing pressure of gas. now the hot gas with high pressure passes to condenser.
Condenser
Condenser also outdoor portion of AC, it also consist a bunch of metal fins which removing the heat from the hot gas come from the compressor at high pressure. the metal fins allow to change hot gas in cold and chilled liquid and remove heat from it. in mordon AC's also consist a cooling fan in condenser which help to removing heat to atmosphere.
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| Condenser of AC Photo credit : Aldahome.com |
Expansion valves
expansion valve is the tube which connect the condenser to evaporator. it is narrow holed tube which control the the flow of cool refrigerant liquid to evaporator for the next cycle.
this entire cycle of refrigerant is continuously going on till the temperature acquire that you entered. it is a fast and high energy consuming process. the complete cycle of functioning an AC can illustrate by following figure
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| Cycle of the working AC photo credit : wikipedia |
Today AC's are became the key part our daily life for cooling homes ad offices but you will surprise to knows that initially the ac doesn't invent for cooling house or offices, it invent for resolving a simple problem of a publication company.
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