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What is 'Glass' ? How formed it !

Hey friends, 
   Today we learn about an other interesting topic, is about 'Glass'. We can see the many things around of us that made from glass like window, bulbs, TV screen etc. Did you ever think about it how to form glass or why the glass is transparent.
   In this topic we understand facts about the glass and finding the answer of following questions :-
* What is Glass ?
* How to form Glass ?
* Why Glass is transparent ? and
* Is Glass solid or liquid ?

What is Glass ? :-

   Generally glass is a rigid transparent material that often use widespread practical, technological, and decoration.
water glass
water glass
credits : pixel

How to form Glass ?

   Formation of glass is an interesting phenomena. Glass can formed by melting of 'Sand' with 'Soda ash' (Sodium Carbonate) and 'Limestone' (Calcium Carbonate) at extremely high temperature approx 1700°C . Glass can be obtains by only heating the sand at high temperature more then 2000°C so add the sodium for reducing the melting point of sand, but it has major drawback its produce such a glass which desolving into the water so we use the Calcium for controlling for this. Such type of glass called 'soda-lime silica' (which is generally used for basic purpose)

formation of glass
formation of glass
credits : explainstuffs

   Glass can be modified in different forms by using different chemicals. Use the metallic salt for coloring of glass, for green tinted glass use iron and chromium during the melting of sand. 
   Oven proof can produced by using Boron-Oxide so its also called Borosilicate Glass. 
   Bullet proof glass can be formed by using the laminate of multiple layer of glass and plastic bounded together.

blue glass
blue glass
credit : pixel


Why Glass is transparent 

   Have you seen a Spectacles or a lens, what the material used? Is Glass. Glass is used in lenses because it is transparent ! This is a amazing property of glass. Before understanding the science behind the transparency of glass, let's understand the science of non-transparent materials. When the light photon attacks on the atom of nontransparent material the energy of the photon absorbed by an electron and jumped into high level from lower level. While its contrast with transparent material. When the light photon attacks on the atom of transparent material, but it is not sufficient energy to exciting the electron and the photon passed over it. Conclusion is that the nontransparent material absorbed the light while transparent material not. 
   

Glass is solid or liquid !

   Glass is a rigid material but it is not a perfect solid like metal it can show some properties of liquid. It contain crysteline structure of molecules like solid while it's also contains randomly moved structure like liquid. This type of material is also known as Amorphous solid. Glass is also an amorphous solid. It's significant example is your old glass window, it's bottom side is ticker then upper side that mean the glass is flowing downward with lowest rate.

So let's close this topic. I hope you enjoy it.

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